The most important problem that economy of Bihar is facing is concerned with the growing trend in disparities in development within Bihar. The extent of disparities can be better understand with the help of Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) and Per Capita GDDP (Govt. of India, 2007). As such, the data related the GDDP and per capita GDDP are presented.
It can be seen from the table that GDDP of Jehanabad and Arwal district has registered Rs. 43,336. However, Patna has the highest GDDP amounting to Rs. 291,482 lakh during 1998-99 at the constant price of 1993-94. This has increased to Rs. 314,274 lakh during 1999-2000. Next to Patna is Muzaffarpur which has its GDDP amounting to Rs. 157,831 lakh during 1998-99 but decreased to Rs. 146,241 during the year 1999-2000. The lowest GDDP has been found in the district of Sheohar amounting to Rs. 9,562 lakh in 1998-99 and Rs. 10,874 lakh in 1999-2000. As such, Sheohar is the smallest district in the State from the point of view of GDDP. It can be noticed from the table that there are large variations in the GDDP between the districts. The highest level is Rs. 314,274 in 1999-2000 in the Patna district whereas the lowest level is noted in Sheohar district having GDDP of Rs. 10,874 lakh.
Likewise, it can be noted from the table that the per capita GDDP in Jehanabad district is Rs. 2975 indicating very low level of income. There are large variations in the per capita GDDP also. It is found that the per capita income is highest in Patna district (Rs. 6958) followed by Rohtas (Rs. 4615), Begusarai (Rs. 4,414), Munger (Rs. 4,285), Buxar (Rs. 4285), Nalanda (Rs. 3,879), Bhabhua (Rs. 3,894) and Bhojpur (Rs. 3,728). The lowest in the ladder is Sheohar (Rs. 2,219), followed by Gopalganj (Rs. 2,800), Araria (Rs. 2,879), Madhubani (Rs. 2,880), Sitamarhi (Rs. 2,955), Saran (Rs. 2,966), Darbhanga (Rs. 2,970), Jahanabad and Arwal (Rs. 2,975) and Siwan (Rs. 3,067).
Analysis reveals that barring Patna, the districts with per capita GDDP fall in the rice belt of Rohtas, Bhabhua, Buxar and Bhojpur, which have assured irrigation from Sone canal system. The backward districts of Sheohar, Siwan, Gopalganj and Sitamarhi fall in adverse climatic areas.
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