Jehanabad constitutes 1.68 Per cent of total population of the State having a population of about 1.5 million as per the 2001 Census and sex ratio (female per thousand male) of 929.

The annual growth rate of population for the decade 1991-2001 was 2.86 per cent, which was higher than the state was a whole ( i.e., 2.52 %). Such high rate of the population growth in the district indicates the vicious circle of non-development which has been found more intense in those economically backward states/regions which also have high population growth. The selected demographic Indicators has been presented in Table

It may be noted from the table that the proportion of schedules castes is much high accounting for 18.9 per cent as compared to state's average (15.7). This means that there is sizable proportion of socially and economically backward people in the district. However, the proportion of scheduled tribes is negligible in the district (0.1 percent) and the state (0.9 percent) as well. Another important aspect in regard to demographic indicator is the infant mortality rate which is high in both Jehanabad district and Bihar. The district is highly density populated in the state with a density of 982 as compared to 880 persons per sq. km. in the state. As such, there is high pressure of population on land, one of the cause for poor socio-economic condition in the rural areas. Being highly ruralised district such high density of population puts on syndrome of non-development.